- Go and find a building inspector, who charges $1000 or more, because you get what you pay for.
- You need to get a report, which shows moisture % for every room inspected.
- Get a report, which shows blue and red colored pictures, the blue spots show you where leaks are.
- Do thermal report (infrared report) rather than standard inspection report.
- Apart from building inspection report, go and get structure and geotech engineering reports.
- Do not buy house with asbestos, as it is toxic.
- Do not buy plaster house.
Tuesday, November 26, 2013
List of "questionable" recommendations to property buyers given by some legal advisers
Some legal advisers are taking a lot of care for their clients who are in the process of buying houses and keen to give some professional advises to assist buyers in their decision making, here are some examples:
Sunday, September 1, 2013
Introduction for Moisture Testing in Property Inspection
Timber moisture testing in building surveying can be divided into the following three categories:
- Destructive testing
- Invasive testing
- Non-invasive testing
Destructive testing
Destructive
investigation, such as illustrated:
and followed by laboratory testing is the only way to reveal the timber
frame condition of the subject building, but rarely used for a pre-purchase visual inspection if ever can be used at all due to its obvious physical damages to wall cladding.
Invasive testing
According
to the AGREEMENT FOR SALE AND PURCHASE OF REAL ESTATE – Ninth Edition 2012, “The
building inspector may not carry out any invasive testing in the course of
inspection without the vendor's prior written consent”.
It is unlikely that any property owner will give permission to a potential buyer to do any probing invasive testing, such as using Trotec T500K, as damages to wall cladding still be substantial.
In the event of
owner’s approval, pin point moisture meters such as Protimeter Mini or Trotec T500
may be used to interior surface
such like on skirting boards, on particle floor boards, ceiling plaster board
lining and etc. Readings from this type of invasive moisture meters only
indicate the moisture content of the incipient surface, which normally be timber
skirting board, plaster board, cork, wall paper or combination of some of them,
which are not necessarily be a representative of moisture percentage of the underlying
timber frame.
Unless
otherwise stated and under a written approval of the vendor, invasive testing
using pin point moisture meters will only be carried out to timber foundation
structure or some parts of exterior wall cladding if necessary.
Non-invasive testing
None of
currently available non-invasive moisture meters, such as Trotec T650 or Protimeter Aquant
can produce moisture content percentage of the material tested. The fact that, significant amount of pre-purchase or pre-sell inspection reports are giving moisture percentage readings for different areas or parts of buildings inspected, does not mean any revolutionary technology advancement. (also refer:
Moisture
contents obtained from wall lining surface using any type of non-invasive
moisture meters do not equal to moisture content of underlying timber frame.
Depends on
detection depth, which normally be within 20 – 40mm, moisture readings obtained
with non-invasive type of moisture meters at best are indications of moisture contents
of combination of all building materials directly behind the point being
tested, which may include skirting board, wall paper, plaster board, insulation
material, framing (timber or steel) member and etc. The relationship between
non-invasive meter readings and timber moisture contents can only be interpreted
by the building inspector based on his/her relevant building knowledge. When
high readings can often indicate high moisture contents within underlying
timber frame, there are many significant common deviations:
- High meter reading does not necessarily indicate high moisture content
Surface wetness within wet area can result high
readings even when underlying framing structure is dry.
Non-invasive moisture meters can be interrupted
by underlying wiring, pipes, metal, foil and produce False Positive Readings.
- Low meter reading does not necessarily indicate low moisture content
Meter reading depth (normally be 20-40mm) is
very limited comparing with wall thickness (can be 120mm or more). External
moisture ingress often limited within outer part of timber frame, which is well
beyond reading depth of most non-invasive moisture meters;
- High moisture content may not indicate any issues
It is not uncommon to see some inspectors
pointing moisture meters to tiled floor surface around shower waste and concluding
shower leaks. But as long as showers are regularly being used, there must be
some water siting between underside of tiles and waterproof membrane. That is
absolutely normal and that is why we need waterproofing membrane for. In that
case high moisture readings may not indicate any issue at all.
- Low moisture content does not directly indicate soundness of timber frame
As long as dry, rotten timber will not result
any high moisture readings. In reality due to weather conditions, repair works
in the past, loss of clamping points due to timber dimension change as result
of decay, rotten framing can be very dry and therefore may give some False Negative Readings.
Thursday, April 18, 2013
有关对James Hardie的诉讼
周二的这条新闻好像澳洲的反应要比新西兰的反应强烈,也可能是新西兰人目光这几天集中在同性恋婚姻合法化这一焦点,无暇顾及其他东西。参考以下新闻链接:
http://www.radionz.co.nz/news/national/133036/ministry-sues-building-companies-over-leaky-schools
http://www.nbr.co.nz/article/education-ministry-launches-lawsuit-against-james-hardie-over-leaky-schools-wb-138802
http://www.afr.com/p/business/companies/james_hardie_poised_for_legal_battle_q9kiFoaNih0Op7TBXeQTCJ
即使是专业媒体也没有充分认识到这一新闻的重要性:
1. 如果教育部可以打赢这场官司,这将是一个划时代的case law。James Hardie作为Harditex 的生产商将面临建筑行业历史上的最大一笔赔付。相信它无力承担;
2. 如果这一案例能够证明是产品问题,而非设计和施工问题,这一案例将推翻之前所有几千个案子的评判结果。到今天位置,James Hardie被告无数次,但没有一次成功,不过这一次他遇到了强劲对手;
3. 如果产品问题一旦被证明,相关认证机构,如BRANZ是否会被拖下水;
4. 如果产品问题一旦被证明属实,以前的“冤假错案”如何收拾?James Hardie所面临的岂止是教育部的15个亿纽币;
5. 这一问题实际上至少10年前就很清楚,为何教育部今天才决定采取如此的举措,莫非是他们掌握了一定的有份量的证据?
6. 我个人的一贯认为是,7.5mm厚的墙板在没有通风层的情况下无法有效处理墙体中由于温度迅速变化导致的水凝结。这一问题是在施工质量完全符合厂家规定的情况下也会出现的。拭目以待看看从技术层面上讲,教育部是否能够得到有力的证据;
7. 早在2年前就已经有过案例证明在施工和设计完全符合要求的情况下,外墙出现渗漏而导致整体外墙更换,也可能那时候教育部就已经开始酝酿了。既然教育部决定打这场战争,就一定是有备而来,因为业内人士都知道James Hardie是一个从没有人能够啃动的骨头。耐心等待,就像Grimshaw说的,估计结果需要n年以后。
http://www.radionz.co.nz/news/national/133036/ministry-sues-building-companies-over-leaky-schools
http://www.nbr.co.nz/article/education-ministry-launches-lawsuit-against-james-hardie-over-leaky-schools-wb-138802
http://www.afr.com/p/business/companies/james_hardie_poised_for_legal_battle_q9kiFoaNih0Op7TBXeQTCJ
即使是专业媒体也没有充分认识到这一新闻的重要性:
1. 如果教育部可以打赢这场官司,这将是一个划时代的case law。James Hardie作为Harditex 的生产商将面临建筑行业历史上的最大一笔赔付。相信它无力承担;
2. 如果这一案例能够证明是产品问题,而非设计和施工问题,这一案例将推翻之前所有几千个案子的评判结果。到今天位置,James Hardie被告无数次,但没有一次成功,不过这一次他遇到了强劲对手;
3. 如果产品问题一旦被证明,相关认证机构,如BRANZ是否会被拖下水;
4. 如果产品问题一旦被证明属实,以前的“冤假错案”如何收拾?James Hardie所面临的岂止是教育部的15个亿纽币;
5. 这一问题实际上至少10年前就很清楚,为何教育部今天才决定采取如此的举措,莫非是他们掌握了一定的有份量的证据?
6. 我个人的一贯认为是,7.5mm厚的墙板在没有通风层的情况下无法有效处理墙体中由于温度迅速变化导致的水凝结。这一问题是在施工质量完全符合厂家规定的情况下也会出现的。拭目以待看看从技术层面上讲,教育部是否能够得到有力的证据;
7. 早在2年前就已经有过案例证明在施工和设计完全符合要求的情况下,外墙出现渗漏而导致整体外墙更换,也可能那时候教育部就已经开始酝酿了。既然教育部决定打这场战争,就一定是有备而来,因为业内人士都知道James Hardie是一个从没有人能够啃动的骨头。耐心等待,就像Grimshaw说的,估计结果需要n年以后。
Monday, April 8, 2013
就Skykiwi置顶帖中的客人投诉所做答复之一
原帖如下:
这里的托真不少啊,之前也曾被忽悠找他家做房检,可是都是做一些表面功夫,重要的如上房顶和钻地下看结构的活一概忽悠,当时我曾要求看房低下看看有没有结构的问题,谁知道他家男的以没买保险为由拒绝进去看,难道这也成理由吗?
具体回复:
不管怎样,我认为您的意见是绝对真实的,因为我记得当时的情形,这也是第二次有客人要求我依照其要求进入某个区域,但被我拒绝,这一次的原因是部分地基空间狭小。当然最后Lisa还是进到更深的地方看了看,因为她的体积小得多,而且也灵活得多,也不像我这样的倔脾气。虽然遗憾,但您有权利对我们的服务不满意。您可以给我们打个电话,或者发个email,如果我们没有其他办法最终令您满意,我们会考虑退还您所付的检测费。下面是我们的解释,其实现场已经解释过了,您可以不同意,而且也会有其他人不同意,不过检测,尤其是购房检测,本身就是一个有争议的职业:
这里涉及到两个问题:
1. 是否有托在这里故意说我们的好话:
我不妨在这里正式的对发帖子感谢我们或者夸奖我们的客人表示由衷的谢意。为尽量避免产生这样的嫌疑,我在最近的三年内没有在帖子里说过任何感谢的话,有时为了表达谢意,在知道是哪一位客人的情况下,我会通过email的方式表示感谢。
我有权利,有资源,有能力,有办法让更多的客人在这里说我的好话,不过没觉得有这个必要。这个帖子的主要目的已经不是“广告”,而是让需要找到我们的客人很容易的找到我们。有时候我自己都在想,会不会有人怀疑这里的帖子是假的。这也是我不回复正面的帖子,但一定回复负面的帖子的原因。
开个玩笑,您的帖子会叫我的置顶帖看起来更真实。如果想找托,还不如找些说坏话的,然后通过聪明的解释或者揭露破绽来起到异曲同工的效果,没准开起来更真实。
2. 我们是否只是做“表面功夫”
这个总结实际上很对,这差不多是对“non-invasive visual inspection”的最完美的翻译。通过购房检测,对所检测的房屋在有限的时间内,不动一草一木的前提下,对重大原则问题得出判断,这种“表面功夫”实际没那么简单,这也是购房检测之所以被视为超高风险行业的主要原因。不要认为测湿仪或红外线就会改变这个“表面功夫”的性质,在购房检测阶段,检测漏水房最关键的还是目测和分析。我的身上装满了各种检测工具,但目前发现的所有问题,都是通过“表面功夫”看出来的。
3. 什么地方我们必须要进入,什么地方我们不必要或者不允许进入:
有客人经常问我们是否可以进入棚顶或地基空间。在我们认为对自己和房屋都安全的情况下,我们会的。有时客人认为安全,但我们不这样认为,这个分歧很难彻底消除。如果这是我们每天面临的问题,如果一旦出事故会影响我的一生,如果我不这样做并没有违反相关的规定,我有权做自己的选择。
有些客人认为我们看不到就会错漏重大隐患,这是理念上的误区。对于任何一个我们检查过的房子,都有很多我们看不到,没看到,没来得及看,疏漏掉或主观不看的部位,但这些都不会影响我们的最终评价。两个人在一到两个小时之内能够看到的一定是有限的,但这正是购房检测的特点:在有限的时间内作出重要的判断:是不是漏水房,基地,房顶,外墙,结构,卫生间,走水等等是否有重大隐患或问题。客人需要得到的是我们的观点,而不是我们的四肢。我们不是出租自己的身体,体力,不是出租自己的检测工具。
我有权利决定以何种方式,用何种工具,花多长时间来做检测。我充分理解会有客人不同意我的观点,这也是我们在检测前要求客人阅读并同意我们的限制条款的原因。我还记得,在没有看到所有地基部位的情况下,我说过这个房子的地基没有重大问题。这是我的保险所覆盖的方面,就是说,如果您现在发现我的结论和事实不符,也就是您的房子的地基有重大问题,我是要负责的。我要对很多看不到或看不全的东西做判断,很典型的是结构的完整性,关键衔接点的挡雨处理,屋顶和屋顶空间的状况,地下走水,防水膜的状况等。这是我风险,我有足够的经验和保险对我所做的评判负责任。但如果我超出规范冒险工作导致我从房顶摔下来,在地基内部扎到钉子,受电击,没有人对我的后半生负责。
再一次强调:我尽量通过我的3.8米长的梯子查看能够看到的房顶部位;我尽量爬到我认为我能够爬到的安全的地基空间;我尽量查看有合理观察口的房顶空间,或者Lisa会协助查看观察口很狭窄,但她还可以看到的房顶空间,但我们经常会有观察不到的部位。我们常常看到有客人会主动协助拿出堵住棚顶观察口的衣柜里的杂物,协助清理堵在地基观察口的垃圾和储物,帮助在危险位置扶梯子,这些举动都会促使我们更加努力的达到我们可触及的极限,但我们的原则是:我有权利决定如何检测,客人需要的应该是结果,而不是过程。
Monday, March 4, 2013
Inspector's risk - 1
Inspectors had not been the real target in the past when most leakers are within the "10 year frame". But what happens when leakers are expired, i.e. exceeded the "10 year statutory limitation"? In that situation Councils no longer be the last standing party with full pocket. Who can pay you to fix your leaky house if not Council? The answer looks like - the Pre-purchase Inspector.
http://www.stuff.co.nz/dominion-post/news/8376033/Win-for-leaky-home-owners
One reader wondering why Council does not pay. Here is the answer:
http://www.justice.govt.nz/tribunals/wht/wht-decisions/2010-decisions/2010-eligibility-decisions/DBH06247Hepburn.pdf/view
The house was eligible and therefore if FAP is selected, 50% of the repair cost would covered by the government and the council. As there is no further WHRS related case, I assume that the owner went for FAP.
Plus the 50% cost recovery from the inspector, the owner's repair cost is fully recovered.
I reckon the inspector in this case is pretty lucky. If this case is outside the 10-year-frame, then the owner would be fighting for 100% cost recovery from the inspector.
Here is the summary of the Case:
Case CIV-2011-485-1308 Hepburn vs. Cunningham
http://www.stuff.co.nz/dominion-post/news/8376033/Win-for-leaky-home-owners
One reader wondering why Council does not pay. Here is the answer:
http://www.justice.govt.nz/tribunals/wht/wht-decisions/2010-decisions/2010-eligibility-decisions/DBH06247Hepburn.pdf/view
The house was eligible and therefore if FAP is selected, 50% of the repair cost would covered by the government and the council. As there is no further WHRS related case, I assume that the owner went for FAP.
Plus the 50% cost recovery from the inspector, the owner's repair cost is fully recovered.
I reckon the inspector in this case is pretty lucky. If this case is outside the 10-year-frame, then the owner would be fighting for 100% cost recovery from the inspector.
Here is the summary of the Case:
Case CIV-2011-485-1308 Hepburn vs. Cunningham
A house built at 2000 with texture coated fibre cement is bought at 2007 by the plaintiff based on a positive "quick check" builder's report issued by the respondent. Although built with wide eaves, apparent cladding defects, such as lack of cladding/ground clearance, omitted by the inspector which is introduced by the agent. No Terms & Conditions form was signed by the plaintiff.
3 years after the purchase, the house was marketed again and was inspected by RealSure on behalf of a purchaser with a report showing various weathertightness issues.
The plaintiff subsequently applied through WHRS, which expert recommended partial repair costing 100k.
The plaintiff gone further through High Court and sought more than 500k for damages with final decision in favor of plaintiff for 360k award with half to be paid by the inspector.
Issues to be discussed:
Quick check vs. Rolls Royce service
Roles of Terms and Conditions
Significant issues, if not rocket science, to be reported
Duty to give clear advise rather than a report only
Tuesday, February 19, 2013
What do You need to do to have a good inspection
Before inspection
Go through terms and conditions of a standard inspection (pre-purchase, pre-sale & maintenance inspections). Inspection will never look right if your expectation is too high. Understanding what we can not do is more important than only knowing what can we do.
Workout the differences between different inspections:
You will be able to find the suitable inspector only when you know how different they are. If you have employed the wrong type of inspector, then you will unlikely get the result you really wanted, if not resulted with a disaster.
Also see my other post regarding this topic.
During inspection
Do not follow me and ask me questions when I'm in the middle of inspection. I can be easily disturbed and lose my focus.
Do present during inspection and ask me as much questions as possible onsite, rather than on the phone.
Having your whole family talking to me may not be a good idea. You are likely equipped with a smart phone. Record when I presenting on site.
Also see my other post regarding this topic.
After inspection
If more questions to be asked post an inspection, try email us with the questions rather than calling me when I'm standing on my ladder in the middle of an inspection. You may think I know everything anytime for a house I've inspected, but I'm not. I often remember nothing, unless if I get any chance to go though the report over again.
Also see my other post regarding this topic.
Go through terms and conditions of a standard inspection (pre-purchase, pre-sale & maintenance inspections). Inspection will never look right if your expectation is too high. Understanding what we can not do is more important than only knowing what can we do.
Workout the differences between different inspections:
- Standard building inspection,
- Invasive building defects investigations,
- Specialist inspections, including plumbing, electrical, drainage, engineering, geotechnical and etc
- Weathertightness investigations
- Weathertgihtness assessment inspection
- Moisture testing
- Thermal imaging
- Timber decay diagnoses
You will be able to find the suitable inspector only when you know how different they are. If you have employed the wrong type of inspector, then you will unlikely get the result you really wanted, if not resulted with a disaster.
Also see my other post regarding this topic.
During inspection
Do not follow me and ask me questions when I'm in the middle of inspection. I can be easily disturbed and lose my focus.
Do present during inspection and ask me as much questions as possible onsite, rather than on the phone.
Having your whole family talking to me may not be a good idea. You are likely equipped with a smart phone. Record when I presenting on site.
Also see my other post regarding this topic.
After inspection
If more questions to be asked post an inspection, try email us with the questions rather than calling me when I'm standing on my ladder in the middle of an inspection. You may think I know everything anytime for a house I've inspected, but I'm not. I often remember nothing, unless if I get any chance to go though the report over again.
Also see my other post regarding this topic.
Thursday, November 22, 2012
More about non-invasive moisture testing
参考以前我写的说明:
各种非侵犯性仪器的指数是不同的,我们常用的仪器有很多种, 每一种都是相对读数,而非绝对%读数。
如果有任何可疑的读数,我们会在报告中给予说明,“可疑” 读数可能是任意读数,只要是明显高于对比位置的读数
对于非侵犯性测湿的读数解读是综合的和复杂的过程, 没有一个简单的界限能把高低明显区分开来
it to be noted that,
1. there is no such a chart to indicate so called acceptable moisture level.
2. any judgement to moisture level must be based on analysis of the building as a whole
3. most leaky buildings do not show any sign of high moisture readings based on non-invasive inspections
4. according to new version of real estate agreement, invasive moisture testing is banded from pre-purchase inspections
5. in most cases "acceptable" readings obtained to a house are either lower or not significantly higher than readings obtained from reference points (dry spots), but they can be anything from 0 to 100 or any other digit.
6. judge a building based on so called "acceptable moisture level" only can be dangerous and misleading
7. no one other than the inspector himself can interpret his moisture readings based on photos only without particular context
Monday, September 24, 2012
买公寓要注意哪些问题
1. 很多公寓都有大楼的名字,诸如
Spencer on Byron 等等,不妨先google一下,看看是否有相关的新闻和评论,至少如果是很有名的漏水房,一定可以搜出来;
2. Body Corp的相关信息(long term maintenance plan and minutes)根据法律的规定要对买家公开,请中介协助搜集所有相关信息,如果有不明白的可以在找builder检测时问问,虽然这不是检测的项目,但负责任的builder都会帮助看看,而且很可能能提出一些意见或建议;
3. 把其它事情,如贷款,LIM,估价等先搞定,然后再做builder's report,这很适用于公寓,因为根据我们的记录,公寓房查出严重问题的几率并不高,所以搞定其它事情显得更为重要;
4. 如果可能,最好选择在房间里没有人的时候做检测。原因如下:
2. Body Corp的相关信息(long term maintenance plan and minutes)根据法律的规定要对买家公开,请中介协助搜集所有相关信息,如果有不明白的可以在找builder检测时问问,虽然这不是检测的项目,但负责任的builder都会帮助看看,而且很可能能提出一些意见或建议;
3. 把其它事情,如贷款,LIM,估价等先搞定,然后再做builder's report,这很适用于公寓,因为根据我们的记录,公寓房查出严重问题的几率并不高,所以搞定其它事情显得更为重要;
4. 如果可能,最好选择在房间里没有人的时候做检测。原因如下:
- 公寓一般很小,但经常住很多人,再加上检测人员(我们是两个人),中介和买家,房间里经常有喘不过气的感觉,检测时很不舒服
- 很多住公寓的都是白天睡觉。我们检测时经常有正在睡觉的,很不方便,在人家躺在被窝里的时候在床边晃来晃去,那种感觉挺不舒服的
- 屋里人太多时,很多关键的角落不好检查,有时候没办法,只能忽略
5. 和其他检测一样,不要在检测过程中问问题,我们不会拒绝回答,但是会受干扰。有问题或者在检测之前问,或者之后问。对于任何我们需要解释给你的问题,我们都会把照片放到随身带的电脑里来演示给客人。我们更喜欢在我们的车里和客人单独谈论有关房子的问题,而不是面对其他人;
6. 最后,公寓和其他房产的最大区别是,我们无法检测房顶和公用区域,因为够不到,或者打不开。我们只能够看到所检测的公寓附近的外墙面,所以对公寓楼的整体分析会缺乏足够根据。有些人会对这一点不满意,但没办法,不是做不到,而是对于购房检测,受时间和费用的限制,不可能把整个楼做系统分析,如果你买的是整个楼,那是另一码事儿。
Thursday, September 13, 2012
Inspector - the definition
According to what described in NZS 4306, a inspector is A person, partnership or company qualified and experienced to undertake property inspections.
How do we define "qualified"? Does that mean holding some kind of qualification? Tertiary qualification, degree, diploma, certificate? Or maybe belongs to any kind of organisation, e.g. RICS, NZIBS, LBP, Master builders association, Certified builders association? Or passed some kind of examination or testing? Or holding some kind of license?
According to the new AGREEMENT FOR SALE AND PURCHASE OF REAL ESTATE, The report must be prepared in good faith by a suitably-qualified building inspector in accordance with accepted principles and methods.
Again, how can we define "suitably-qualified". Can we say DIYers are not suitably qualified, but master builders are suitably qualified? What about a plumber, can he perform a property inspection? What about a brick layer? If a carpenter is assumed to be a suitably qualified, then why a brick-layer is not?
Will there be any argument if I'm in the inspection industry for 30 years but holding no qualifications? Wise versa, will you challenge my "illegibility" if I got a certificate in carpentry, but without industry experience? Does Suitably-qualified mean experienced? or means experienced and also qualified (holding a relevant qualification)?
So nether NZS 4306 nor the new Agreement gave us a clear picture: Who can do the inspection.
有关房屋检测限制条款 - Terms & Conditions
检测之前有一件事情我们一定要做的,就是需要客人在检测限制条款上签字。有些做网上预定的,在预定提交之前也要在"同意限制条款”上打勾才能完成预定。为什么?
- 这是新西兰房屋检测标准NZS4306中明确规定的,即“照章办事”;
- 我们的保险公司要求我们必须针对每一个检测来完成这项手续,不然保险失效。这也是所有承保专业责任险professional indemnity insurance的保险公司无一例外要求其客户必须履行的义务;
- 如果有人认为这是否意味着有逃脱责任的嫌疑,这种想法在某种程度上讲是对的。从持续发展的角度讲,我们必须有能力避免承担过多责任,尤其是无关的和不必要的责任。实际上平时每个人在不经意期间都会签署这样或者那样的限制条款:下载和安装软件,购买汽车和财产保险,动手术前,网上购物,银行开户等;
- 某种程度上讲,在没有限制条款的约束下检测,就等于“包治百病”。有人会相信“神医”吗?
我希望每个客人在约我们检测前都能够看看限制条款的内容。完全忽略限制条款或者拒绝签署都是不明智的选择。为了解决众多客人在语言上的障碍问题,我们提供汉语大意供参考,目的就是要大家明明白白检测。
Saturday, August 18, 2012
详述新西兰房屋检测标准NZS4306 --------part 1
以下是新西兰房屋检测标准中文大意的第一部分,由于能力有限中文大意很可能与原文有很大出入,因此仅供英文能力有限人士参考。本文不是这一标准的正规中文翻译版本,如需参看正版英文版本,请登录http://www.standards.co.nz来购买。
带颜色的部分是本人认为需要解释的部分。
NZS 4306:2005
住宅房屋检测
1.
范围和概述
1.1.
范围
1.1.1. 本标准对住宅房屋目测检测的基本要求以及检测报告的制定做出相应规定。
1.1.2. 售房或购房(目测和非侵犯)检测应该包含以下内容:
a)
严重问题;
b)
特殊特点;
c)
年久老化;
d)
主要维护需求。
1.1.3. 本标准还包括:
a)
检测资质要求;
b)
报告大纲,不同报告包括的具体内容;
c)
各相关标准以及其它有关文件;
d)
寻求特殊检测及报告的建议。
1.2.
适用
本标准适用于并且不局限于以下各种住宅房屋:
a)
独立房屋;
b)
半连体房屋;
c)
连体房屋;
d)
低层公寓Unit以及半幅地房屋;
e)
联排房屋以及成片小区房屋;
f)
高层公寓Apartment.
1.3.
例外
除非如4.3项所定,本标准不包含如下项目:
a)
地契Title;
b)
房屋设施合格证以及政府年检包括设施;
c)
市政规划以及资源许可事宜;
d)
建筑许可事宜;
e)
长期维护规划;
f)
出租房产出租前检查;
g)
遗产保护责任;
h)
是否符合Body Corp规定,半幅地约束条文以及共享地契合约。
1.4.
协议
a)
客户姓名;
b)
检测员姓名;
c)
报告完成日期;
d)
报告范围;
e)
任何特殊检测项目;
f)
费用;
g)
限制条款;
h)
职业保险种类。
1.5.
定义(部分)
检测员 Inspector –有资质并有经验的从事房屋检测的个人,伙伴或公司 - A person, partnership or company qualified and experienced to undertake property inspections.
小问题或小毛病 – 考虑到具体房屋的年代,种类或状况,不需要大规模维修或紧急处理或修复,并且是在正常维护中可以解决的一类问题。
注释 – 小毛病对于大部分的房屋来说很常见,可能包括小瑕疵,生锈,裂缝,风化,正常老化,表面不平,材料以及表面做工的损坏。
大部分此类问题一般都可以在买房头几年的重新粉刷或装修中解决。
房屋检测 – 针对某房产根据2.3款所实施的非侵犯性视觉检测。
适当的通路 – 有安全的,无障碍的通路通往所指区域,并符合表1的规定;或者在没有适合通路情况下,所指区域在检测员的课室范围内。
表1 – 适当通路
区域
|
出入人孔(MM)
|
爬行区域(MM)
|
高度
|
棚顶空间
|
450 x 400
|
600 x 600
|
可通过3.6米梯子到达*
|
地基空间
|
500 x 400
|
高度
木地板:400**
水泥地板:500
|
|
屋顶
|
可以通过3.6m梯子看到*
|
||
*或者符合安全委员会规定的其它方式
**从横梁底沿算起。
|
|||
严重问题或隐患 – 需要大修或紧急处理和修缮的问题。
调查 – 独立的具体检查和报告,可能会用到侵犯性或特殊专业测试工具,可能需要相关行业专家的专业知识。
1.6.
简称
…
1.7.
解释
Sunday, July 15, 2012
漏水房攻略之一---------年代特点
我们把外墙是批灰的房子先按年代分类做个概述:
1940's主要是地中海式建筑,Mediterranean or Art Deco
形状相对简单,房顶有女儿墙parapet,部结构相对比较坚固,虽然少有药物处理,但天然耐久。这类的房子一般在房顶,窗户周围等处都有不同程度的漏水,但由于以单层为主,外形简单,维修费用一般不大。所属区域一般都在市区比较贵的区域,买房的人一般都有计划进行大规模装修,不会很介意房子是不是漏水。
1960's
很少见,是在水泥纤维板刚刚作为外墙材料使用时出现的一批房子。由于当时水泥纤维板的价格优势并不明显,所以没有大量采用。形状和其他1960's的房子没有实质差别,单层,简单,易修理,风险区域少,木头有药物处理。这类的房子一般都是小户型,unit等。价格稍有影响,但对于一个有50年历史的房子,似乎也不用过多计较。
1980's
典型的漏水房开始出现。批灰的运用没有什么具体的技术支持。由于当时大部分设计师和builder对这种材料还不甚了解,所以没有被大规模采用。主要集中在东区海边和市区个别地段。有很多形状极其复杂的房子,设计和建造耗时耗力。基本都有很明显的漏水问题,而且都经过了不同程度的维修。虽然木结构都有一定的药物处理,但由于漏水问题严重,部结构损毁一般比较明显。由于设计复杂,维修费用一般很高,甚至有些不值得整体换外墙。
1990's - early 2000's
漏水房最集中的年代,也是最不可饶恕的漏水房年代。
国际上对批灰材料的问题已经有广泛的报道,但纽西兰还是进一步放宽政策,允许非药物处理的木结构大量运用到建筑中,再加上CAD电脑建筑设计的广泛采用,建筑技工短缺,建筑法律不健全,国家建筑管理的松懈等其它因素,最后导致漏水房的泛滥。
这期间,也有严格按照产品要求和建筑规范造出的批灰外墙房子,至今表现良好,但由于木结构没有药物处理以及市场不认可,这些房子在不久的将来外墙材料到达高维护的阶段后,应该还是逃脱不了整体换外墙的命运。
post 2005
除了个别的按照2004年以前的建筑法规申请的房子继续在添堵,大部分的批灰房子都增加了外墙通风系统,而且国家开始强制对木结构进行药物处理。
2006年之前的带外墙通风系统的房子也有个别被认定为漏水房,主要归结为施工恶劣和对通风系统的胡乱运用。2008年以后的批灰外墙房子无论从设计还是施工上都有质的飞跃,目前查到有严重问题的房子凤毛麟角。2009年以后几乎没有人再用批灰外墙材料了,除非是在钢筋混凝土结构或砖外墙上做批灰。
Monday, July 2, 2012
您是否是注册builder?Are you a registered builder
最近有关registered builder 以及licensed builder到底有什么区别在某些律师之间产生了纠纷。实在没有看出来这种纠纷有什么必要性。不过现在根据最新的售房合同范本,检测资质好像有了更为明确的规定:suitably qualified。希望不要再往certified builder 和 master builder 身上靠了。
参看herald相关新闻
根据新西兰相关住宅检测标准NZS4306规定,从业人员须符合以下条件:
参看herald相关新闻
根据新西兰相关住宅检测标准NZS4306规定,从业人员须符合以下条件:
- 检测人员需有适合的包括房屋检测在内的建筑行业相关经验
- 为相关行业协会会员,或者持有相关学历
- 可熟练运用房屋检测专用工具
有几点误区需要澄清:
- 国家没有硬性规定,检测人员必须是:master builder, certified builder, registered builder, qualified builder,但必须有足够相关经验
- 国家没有相关针对房屋检测的行业协会,没有所谓的从业资格认证,没有所谓的资质
本人有8年建筑行业经验,3年房屋检测经验
本人持有建筑监理文凭 - National Diploma in Construction Management
本人为房屋署注册二级监理和木匠 - DBH Licensed Building Practitioner Site 2 and Carpentry
本人通过如下国家建筑检测师学院培训课程:
1. Property of moisture - 水的特性
2. Forensic techniques - 房产诉讼案件调查技巧
3. Identification of risk elements - 鉴别房屋风险点
4. Recording and reporting - 记录和报告
5. Decay, fungi & mould - 腐烂,霉菌和霉斑
6. Repair process based on site investigation - 基于现场调查的修复程序
7. Condition/compliance reporting - 房屋状况及规则符合报告
如果经过您检测后买到的房子被证明是漏水房,您付得起责任吗?
如果您检测的目的是千万不要买到所谓“漏水房” - yes。
每个房子都有可能漏水,但不是漏水的房子就是漏水房。只要搞清楚“房子漏水”和“漏水房”的本质区别,回避漏水房并不很困难。甚至很多人通过排除法,在不找人做检测报告的情况下成功的买到放心房,例如只买砖瓦,无阳台,无天窗,无平顶,平地,单层,大屋檐的房子,你的成功几率很高。需要我们把关的往往是针对一些含有若干高风险区域的房屋检测。
如果您检测的目的是看看某个所谓“漏水房”是否可以买 - 对不起,这是您的自愿选择。
比如很多人检测的目的是希望了解某个批灰外墙的房子换外墙是否容易,要花多少钱,暂时不换外墙是否有问题等等,我们愿意提供相关的经验或教训。如果你在买到这个房子后反过来问我为什么不告诉你这个是漏水房,我一定反问你的动机是什么。
我想,把房屋检测作为我的主业,除了生计的需求外,我希望实现的就是尽量帮助华人避免在无知的状态下受骗,进而买到漏水房。
我同时也很清醒的认识到,不排除有人有意买到“便宜货”后反咬一口,看看是否能在我这里就可以直接拿到“索赔”。无论从相关理论研究,实践经验,法律支持,保险保证和免责手段各方面来分析,我对自己的保护就从来没有放松过。如果连这一点都不能够做到,很难想象如何为众多漏水房房东做代理申请理赔。明哲保身是个显而易见的道理。
收到书面报告后,第一件需要做的事情
收到报告后,当然要马上阅读。即使我们通常会在现场对您进行详尽的解释,报告中所体现的内容常常会是现场讲解没有涵盖的。
通常您在阅读报告过程中不会遇到很多障碍,因为报告的主体是图文并茂的。所有重要的问题都会有相应的图片做说明。
如果遇到不明白的问题,可以及时通过电话或者email和我们及时联系,无论是多么复杂的问题,只要是报告当中提及的,我们都会解释清楚。
书面语言和口语常常有截然不同,例如:
我们通常华人所说的“批灰”,在报告中会有多种不同的名字:
Solid plaster, stucco, texture coated fibre cement, EIFS, polystyrene based composite cladding等等
我们通常所说的“漏水房”,在报告中甚至不会有任何提及,原因如下:
购房检测无法最终确定一个房子是否是“漏水房”- Leaky building.
漏水房的定义需要符合3个条件:
1. 外墙或屋顶有瑕疵,并导致渗漏
2. 木结构已经形成损毁
3. 部结构的损毁是直接由于外墙或屋顶的瑕疵造成的
购房检测只能做到第一步的一部分或者整体,即证明外墙或屋顶有瑕疵,有时候可以看到是否有渗漏。至于木结构是否有损毁以及损毁原因都不是购房检测所能够证明的。
综合以上原因,购房检测报告中不可能提及某个房子是“漏水房”,否则会有失公允,甚至会摊官司。如果本人认为某个房子是“漏水房“的可能性很大,我会在现场讲解和电话讲解中清楚的说明,但不会在报告上把某个房子冠以这个名称。
甚至“漏水”,在报告中的描述也不仅仅是”leaking”,还可能是”moisture ingress”, “dampness”, “moisture penetration”, “water ingress”等等。
最关键的是购房检测的限制条件。有很多客人在现场没有足够的时间阅读,不妨在收到报告后再仔细读一下。
我不否认限制条款的部分目的是为了免责,但另一个关键的作用是:有助于你理解以下几个问题的原因:
- 为什么购房检测报告有时候会不够全面,
- 怎样配合检测人员更好和更全面的检测,
- 为什么检测人员经验要比工具更重要,
- 在什么方面购房检测容易疏忽等等。
Is my report eligible?
It depends on how you define the relevant eligibility of a inspection report.
I have produced over 1000 reports in just 3 years time without any challenge from any banks, solicitors, insurers and of course, my customers.
I did encounter some challenges from a few real estate agents.
Today's challenge from an agent is: I'm not a registered builder as specified in the purchase agreement.
Yes, I'm not a registered "master" builder or "certified" builder, if they are what you mean "registered".
But, I'm registered in the Department of Building & Housing as a Licensed builder.
Before questioning my eligibility, the concept of "registered" is really need to be clarified. Where you think a property inspector is to be registered? Here are some options for you:
I have produced over 1000 reports in just 3 years time without any challenge from any banks, solicitors, insurers and of course, my customers.
I did encounter some challenges from a few real estate agents.
Today's challenge from an agent is: I'm not a registered builder as specified in the purchase agreement.
Yes, I'm not a registered "master" builder or "certified" builder, if they are what you mean "registered".
But, I'm registered in the Department of Building & Housing as a Licensed builder.
Before questioning my eligibility, the concept of "registered" is really need to be clarified. Where you think a property inspector is to be registered? Here are some options for you:
- Registered Master Builders Federation
- Certified Builders Association of New Zealand
- New Zealand Institute of Building Surveyors
- New Zealand Institute of Building Inspectors
- Licensed Building Practitioner Board
A bit regarding NZS4306:2005
When buying a house, probably the biggest asset in your
life, it is so common to have a builder’s report organised. But how can you
make sure the inspector does a good job for you?
The Country has sorted that out a long time ago and produced
a related Standard: NZS 4306:2005. As long as the inspector you employed has
carried out the inspection in accordance with this standard, you can be sure,
you are likely to receive a good report.
But, sorry, this Standard is not publically available. Even
worse, as an inspector, I can not give you a copy of that standard, as the
copyright belongs to Standards New Zealand.
So, if you really want to proof if I have carried out my
inspection based on this Standard, you have to pay $153.90 to buy this Standard
and find out yourself.
Unlike New Zealand, the relevant Australian and American
standards are all available for free.
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